CPU vs GPU: A Speed Challenge in Embedding Creation | April 11 2026, 18:08

When working with certain tasks, the difference between a CPU and a GPU is simply astounding. For example, I need to create many (millions) of embeddings, model BGE M3. Running this on my quite powerful 24-core Intel Core Ultra 9 285K processor takes 45.85 seconds to create 500 embeddings, while using an NVIDIA 5090 GPU, the same task is completed in just 0.36 seconds. It is so fast that I specifically wrote this benchmark to figure out whether my GPU is being utilized at all. The program that sends requests to TEI does it in test mode not actively enough (roughly a couple of times per second), and the GPU load graphs are practically zero.

— Testing http://localhost:8080/embed — <– CPU version

Requests completed: 500

Total time: 45.85 sec

Throughput: 10.90 req/sec

Average latency (Avg Latency): 4386.11 ms

P95 latency: 5021.88 ms

— Testing http://localhost:8090/embed — <– GPU version (NVIDIA 5090)

Requests completed: 500

Total time: 0.36 sec

Throughput: 1398.69 req/sec

Average latency (Avg Latency): 31.38 ms

P95 latency: 53.18 ms

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RESULT: http://localhost:8090/embed is 99.22% faster

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